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A review of metro construction in China: Organization, market, cost, safety and schedule

Lieyun DING, Jie XU

《工程管理前沿（英文）》 2017年 第4卷 第1期   页码 4-19 doi: 10.15302/J-FEM-2017015

摘要： China is now in an era of large-scale metro construction. This paper reviews the nature of Chinese metro engineering with a specific focus on its organization and market mode, cost structure, safety control and schedule management. Then, an examination on recent research in metro engineering of the National Natural Science Foundation of China (NSFC) is also conducted, which indicates that information and automation based technologies are increasingly used in practice.

关键词： metro engineering     construction status     construction challenges     NSFC    

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我国生态保护和建设概念地位辨析与基本形势判断

沈国舫,李世东

《中国工程科学》 2015年 第17卷 第8期   页码 103-109

摘要：

为明确生态保护和建设的概念及其在生态文明建设中的地位，理清我国生态保护和建设的现状，为新时期生态保护和建设发展战略的确定奠定基础，本文采用文献分析、实地专题调研、专家座谈咨询相结合的方法，对生态保护和建设的基本概念、战略地位、基本形势等进行了深入研究。研究结果表明，生态保护和建设是生态文明建设的三大主题之一，在生态文明建设中乃至对于人类的生存与发展都具有基础性和根本性地位，我国生态保护和建设的基本形势可以概括为“成就明显，局部改善；基础薄弱，形势严峻”。

关键词： 生态保护和建设；基本概念；战略地位；形势判断    

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生态文明建设若干战略问题研究

“生态文明建设若干战略问题研究（二期）”综合组

《中国工程科学》 2017年 第19卷 第4期   页码 1-5 doi: 10.15302/J-SSCAE-2017.04.001

摘要：

为全面深刻地研究我国生态文明建设的状况，围绕党和国家对生态文明建设的新要求，本文从绿色环境、绿色生产、绿色生活、绿色治理四个方面对全国337个地级及以上城市的生态文明状况进行评估，结果表明我国生态文明发展整体水平不容乐观；针对资源环境承载力与经济社会发展布局、固体废物分类资源化利用、农业发展方式转变与美丽乡村建设三个重点领域，进行了深入分析，提出了相应的发展战略与任务，可为国家生态文明建设的宏观决策提供支撑。

关键词： 生态文明     发展状况评估     资源环境承载力     资源化利用     农业发展方式     战略    

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Current status and prospects of reliability systems engineering in China

《工程管理前沿（英文）》 2021年 第8卷 第4期   页码 492-502 doi: 10.1007/s42524-021-0172-2

摘要： This study provides a systematic overview of the advent and evolution of reliability systems engineering (RSE) in China, and the latest RSE development, that is, model-based RSE (MBRSE), is emphatically introduced. The establishment of the system architecture and conceptual models of MBRSE is first described. The fundamental theory and methodology of MBRSE are then elaborated, with a V-model as the core of this approach. The development of various MBRSE platforms and the effectiveness of their implementation over the past 30 years are presented. The prospective trends in the development of RSE in China are outlined.

关键词： reliability     effectiveness     model-based systems engineering     reliability systems engineering    

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Present status and progress of neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy for esophageal cancer

null

《医学前沿（英文）》 2013年 第7卷 第2期   页码 172-179 doi: 10.1007/s11684-013-0268-0

摘要：

Trimodality based on neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy (nCRT) followed by surgery is gaining popularity as a treatment strategy for locally advanced esophageal cancer. In this review, we summarize the role of nCRT and the recommended nCRT regimens based on clinical trials and meta-analyses. We analyze the relationship of nCRT with pathologic complete response (pCR) and then identify potential predictive markers of response. Compared with surgery alone and neoadjuvant chemotherapy followed by surgery, trimodality provides longer survival and has the advantage of local control compared with definitive chemoradiotherapy. The standard regimen is a platinum-based regimen with a radiation dose range of 41.4–50.4βGy by conventional fractionation. Evidence shows that patients with pCR tend to live longer than non-responders, indicating that pCR is a significant prognostic factor for patients with esophageal cancer. Individualized medicine requires predictive markers of individual patients based on their own genes. Currently, no definite marker is proved to be sufficiently sensitive and specific for use in clinical practice, although 18-fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography shows promise in predicting response to nCRT.

关键词： esophageal cancer     neoadjuvant     chemoradiotherapy    

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Evaluation of the ecological status with benthic indices in the coastal system: the case of Bohai Bay

Wenqian CAI,Wei MENG,Lusan LIU,Kuixuan LIN

《环境科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2014年 第8卷 第5期   页码 737-746 doi: 10.1007/s11783-013-0617-x

摘要： Based on biologic and environmental materials collected from coastal areas of Bohai Bay (China) in April, 2008, three biotic indices (AZTI’s Marine Biotic Index (AMBI), Shannon–Wiener Index and -statistic) were applied together to evaluate the ecological status of the sampling area. The results showed a clear spatial gradient from a worse ecological status in the near-shore areas (especially around Haihe and Jiyun River Estuaries) to a better status in the offshore areas. While all the three indices could assist decision makers in visualizing spatial changes of organic pollutants in Bohai Bay, two indices, i.e., AMBI and Shannon-Wiener index, were effective in distinguishing sites from Haihe River Estuary, Jiyun River Estuary and other area. However, -statistic can’t tell the differences between estuaries and other area. It would be explained that organic pollutants and/or other environmental stresses in Bohai Bay were not strong enough to reduce the size of macrozoobenthos, which may cause both of the abundance and biomass curves crossed. To our knowledge, this is the first time that several benthic indices were used to assess the benthic ecological status in Bohai Bay, which gave the similar results. Furthermore, there is indication that the ecological status is related to excess input of wastewater along main rivers and outlets. In a word, AMBI, Shannon–Wiener Index and -statistic could be able to assess the benthic ecological status of Bohai Bay under the organic pollutants pressure.

关键词： AZTI’s Marine Biotic Index     Shannon-Wiener Index     W-statistic     ecological status     coastal system     Bohai Bay (China)    

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EGG PRODUCTION IN CHINA: CURRENT STATUS AND OUTLOOK

《农业科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2021年 第8卷 第1期   页码 25-34

摘要：

• China is now the largest egg production country worldwide

• Egg production in China is characterized by diversity in several aspects

• China is now capable of breeding new varieties, with more than 50% of the market share

• Policies have been implemented to ensure sustainable development of egg production

• Integrating crop-chicken-vegetable production system is established

 

Eggs are one of the most nutritious and affordable animal products worldwide. From 1985, egg production in China has retained the leading place in the world. A total of 33 Mt of eggs were produced in 2019 representing ˃ 40% of the world total production. Egg production in China is characterized by diversity in several aspects, including layer breeds, products and production systems. New breeds and synthetic lines are developed to improve the genetic potentials of egg production and feed efficiency of layers. In the past, layer farms were run mostly by small households with 100 to 1000 layers per farm. Over the past decades, egg production in China has developed toward standardization and expansion of production systems, and many of these modern intensive farms raise millions of layers. Although the Chinese egg products maintain strong competitiveness over other animal products and imported egg products, the egg industry will grow at a slower pace compared to the past. Chinese consumers are more concerned about the quality and safety of eggs and egg products, as well as the environmental issues related to animal production, which presents challenges for the Chinese egg industry.

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HIGH-PERFORMANCE COMPUTATION AND ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE IN PESTICIDE DISCOVERY: STATUS AND OUTLOOK

《农业科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2022年 第9卷 第1期   页码 150-154 doi: 10.15302/J-FASE-2021419

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Catalytic conversion of biomass-derived compounds to various amino acids: status and perspectives

《化学科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2023年 第17卷 第7期   页码 817-829 doi: 10.1007/s11705-022-2254-z

摘要： Amino acids are important nitrogen-containing chemicals that have a variety of applications. Currently, fermentation is the widely employed method to produce amino acids; however, the products are mostly limited to natural amino acids in the L-configuration. Catalytic synthesis is an alternative approach for the synthesis of amino acids with different types and configurations, where the use of renewable biomass-based feedstocks is highly attractive. To date, several lignocellulose and triacylglycerol-derived intermediates, typically α-keto acids and α-hydroxyl acids, have been transformed into amino acids via the amination reaction in the presence of additional nitrogen sources (i.e., NH3·H2O). Making full use of inherent nitrogen in biomass (i.e., chitin and protein) to produce amino acids avoids the use of extra nitrogen sources and meets the requirements of green chemistry, which is attracting increasing attention. In this review, we summarize different chemical-catalytic systems for the transformation of biomass to amino acids. An outlook on the challenges and opportunities for more effective production of amino acids from biomass by catalytic methods is provided.

关键词： biomass     amino acids     chitin     nitrogen-containing compounds     lignocellulose    

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EGG PRODUCTION IN CHINA: CURRENT STATUS AND OUTLOOK

Ning YANG

《农业科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2021年 第8卷 第1期   页码 25-34 doi: 10.15302/J-FASE-2020363

摘要： Eggs are one of the most nutritious and affordable animal products worldwide. From 1985, egg production in China has retained the leading place in the world. A total of 33 Mt of eggs were produced in 2019 representing ˃ 40% of the world total production. Egg production in China is characterized by diversity in several aspects, including layer breeds, products and production systems. New breeds and synthetic lines are developed to improve the genetic potentials of egg production and feed efficiency of layers. In the past, layer farms were run mostly by small households with 100 to 1000 layers per farm. Over the past decades, egg production in China has developed toward standardization and expansion of production systems, and many of these modern intensive farms raise millions of layers. Although the Chinese egg products maintain strong competitiveness over other animal products and imported egg products, the egg industry will grow at a slower pace compared to the past. Chinese consumers are more concerned about the quality and safety of eggs and egg products, as well as the environmental issues related to animal production, which presents challenges for the Chinese egg industry.

关键词： poultry farms     China     diversity     egg production     trends    

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Advancing ion-exchange membranes to ion-selective membranes: principles, status, and opportunities

《环境科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2023年 第17卷 第2期 doi: 10.1007/s11783-023-1625-0

摘要：

● IEM ion/ion selectivities of charge, valence, & specific ion are critically assessed.

关键词： Ion-exchange membranes     Selectivity     Separations    

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Arsenic in the treatment of newly diagnosed acute promyelocytic leukemia: current status and future research

null

《医学前沿（英文）》 2011年 第5卷 第1期   页码 45-52 doi: 10.1007/s11684-011-0117-y

摘要：

Acute promyelocytic leukemia (APL) is a subtype of acute myeloid leukemia. In past decades, intensive studies on the biology and treatment of this disease have resulted in a remarkably thorough understanding of its pathogenesis and improvement of treatment outcomes. In particular, the introduction of all-trans retinoic acid to conventional chemotherapy improved dramatically the remission and survival rates of APL patients and consequently became the major treatment modality for it. In the last decade, the groundbreaking development of arsenic further improved the survival rate of APL patients. As the most active agent in APL, arsenic directly degrades the PML-RARα fusion transcript, leading to the differentiation and apoptosis of leukemia cells and the potential eradication of APL leukemia-initiating cells (LICs), thus making the disease a potentially curable type of leukemia. More notably, the recent development of oral arsenic compounds may further enhance not only clinical outcomes but also the convenience of patients, which may dramatically change the APL clinical scenario in the near future.

关键词： acute promyelocytic leukemia     arsenic     all-trans retinoic acid     survival    

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Energy and environment in Chinese rural housing: Current status and future perspective

Xudong YANG, Yi JIANG, Ming YANG, Ming SHAN,

《能源前沿（英文）》 2010年 第4卷 第1期   页码 35-46 doi: 10.1007/s11708-010-0001-5

摘要： A large scale national survey of energy consumption and indoor environment quality of China’s rural housing was conducted from 2006–2007. The survey covered 15 provinces in northern China and 9 provinces in southern China. The survey data indicate that excessive building energy consumption and poor indoor environment pose significant challenges to the sustainable development of China’s rural housing. Possible causes are analyzed, the current status explained and possible development trends predicted. Strategies for sustainable and environmentally appropriate energy development in rural areas are recommended with an example of the “Zero-Coal, Low Energy Village”.

关键词： rural energy     energy-saving     sustainability    

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Meshing stiffness property and meshing status simulation of harmonic drive under transmission loading

《机械工程前沿（英文）》 2022年 第17卷 第2期 doi: 10.1007/s11465-022-0674-6

摘要： The multitooth meshing state of harmonic drive (HD) is an important basic characteristic of its high transformation precision and high bearing capacity. Meshing force distribution affects the load sharing of the tooth during meshing, and theoretical research remains insufficient at present. To calculate the spatial distributed meshing forces and loading backlashes along the axial direction, an iterative algorithm and finite element model (FEM) is proposed to investigate the meshing state under varied transmission loading. The displacement formulae of meshing point under tangential force are derived according to the torsion of the flexspline cylinder and the bending of the tooth. Based on the relationship of meshing forces and circumferential displacements, meshing forces and loading backlashes in three cross-sections are calculated with the algorithm under gradually increased rotation angles of circular spline, and the results are compared with FEM. Owing to the taper deformation of the cup-shaped flexspline, the smallest initial backlash and the earliest meshing point appear in the front cross-section far from the cup bottom, and then the teeth in the middle cross-section of the tooth rim enter the meshing and carry most of the loading. Theoretical and numerical research show that the flexibility is quite different for varied meshing points and tangential force amplitude because of the change of contact status between the flexspline and the wave generator. The meshing forces and torsional stiffness of the HD are nonlinear with the torsional angle.

关键词： harmonic drive     meshing flexibility matrix     meshing force     loading backlash     flexspline     contact analysis    

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Eutrophication status and control strategy of Taihu Lake

ZHANG Limin, XIA Minfang, ZHANG Lei, WANG Chun, LU Jilai

《环境科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2008年 第2卷 第3期   页码 280-290 doi: 10.1007/s11783-008-0062-4

摘要： The water quality and eutrophication status of Taihu Lake in recent years are presented and the pollution trends are analyzed. It is shown that because of unreasonable industrial structures, pollution discharge per GDP is high within the Taihu basin, and the pollution discharge from point and non-point sources exceed the basin’s environmental carrying capacity. Especially, excessive pollutants containing nitrogen and phosphorus are being discharged. Moreover, eutrophication may also result from internal pollution sources such as the release of nutrient elements from sediment. All these factors have resulted in the water quality deterioration of Taihu Lake. To solve this environmental problem, possible control strategies are summarized, including the control of internal pollution sources and inflow-river pollution, ecological restoration and reconstruction of the degraded lakeside zone ecosystem, clean water diversion, dredging, and manual algae removal.

关键词： eutrophication     GDP     capacity     reconstruction     ecological restoration    

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标题 作者 时间 类型 操作

A review of metro construction in China: Organization, market, cost, safety and schedule

Lieyun DING, Jie XU

期刊论文

我国生态保护和建设概念地位辨析与基本形势判断

沈国舫,李世东

期刊论文

生态文明建设若干战略问题研究

“生态文明建设若干战略问题研究（二期）”综合组

期刊论文

Current status and prospects of reliability systems engineering in China

期刊论文

Present status and progress of neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy for esophageal cancer

null

期刊论文

Evaluation of the ecological status with benthic indices in the coastal system: the case of Bohai Bay

Wenqian CAI,Wei MENG,Lusan LIU,Kuixuan LIN

期刊论文

EGG PRODUCTION IN CHINA: CURRENT STATUS AND OUTLOOK

期刊论文

HIGH-PERFORMANCE COMPUTATION AND ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE IN PESTICIDE DISCOVERY: STATUS AND OUTLOOK

期刊论文

Catalytic conversion of biomass-derived compounds to various amino acids: status and perspectives

期刊论文

EGG PRODUCTION IN CHINA: CURRENT STATUS AND OUTLOOK

Ning YANG

期刊论文

Advancing ion-exchange membranes to ion-selective membranes: principles, status, and opportunities

期刊论文

Arsenic in the treatment of newly diagnosed acute promyelocytic leukemia: current status and future research

null

期刊论文

Energy and environment in Chinese rural housing: Current status and future perspective

Xudong YANG, Yi JIANG, Ming YANG, Ming SHAN,

期刊论文

Meshing stiffness property and meshing status simulation of harmonic drive under transmission loading

期刊论文

Eutrophication status and control strategy of Taihu Lake

ZHANG Limin, XIA Minfang, ZHANG Lei, WANG Chun, LU Jilai

期刊论文